master-ip
Contents
Motivation
The Internet Protocol is designed for use in interconnected systems of packet-switched computer communication networks. Such a system has been called a “catenet”. The internet protocol provides for transmitting blocks of data called datagrams from sources to destinations, where sources and destinations are hosts identified by fixed length addresses. The internet protocol also provides for fragmentation and reassembly of long datagrams, if necessary, for transmission through “small packet” networks.
IPv4 is a connectionless protocol for use on packet-switched networks. It operates on a best effort delivery model, in that it does not guarantee delivery, nor does it assure proper sequencing or avoidance of duplicate delivery. These aspects, including data integrity, are addressed by an upper layer transport protocol, such as the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).
IP header format
Ip datagram
IPV4 example
version(4 bits)
0x4(4)
Header Length(4 bits)
0x5(5)
Type Of Service(TOS)(8 bits)
0x00(0)
Total Length(16 bits)
0x28(40)
Identification(16 bits)
0xd279
Flags(3 bits)
0x4 0100
- 0 Reserved bit not set
- 1 Don’t fragment set
- 0 More fragments not set
Fragment Offset(13 bits)
This field indicates where in the datagram this fragment belongs. The fragment offset is measured in units of 8 octets (64 bits). The first fragment has offset zero.
0x000 (0000 0000 0000)
Time to Live(TTL)(8 bits)
0x80 TTL:(128)
Protocal(8 bits)
0x06 TCP:(6)
Header Checksum(16 bits)
0x2e35
Source IP Address(32 bits)
0x 0a:fe:c9:ad -> 10.254.201.173
Destination IP Address(32 bits)
0x ac:10:79:65 -> 172.16.121.101